英语十六时态表格完整总结

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英 语 十 六 种 时 态 归 纳 表


时态名称


定 义


时间状语


结 构


一般疑问句


否定句形式


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1、一般现在时


经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。


often, usually, always, sometimes, every


day(week,month),


once a week,


on Mondays, etc.


1.be动词


2.行为动词


主语+be+其他


1.把动词be放于句首。


2.用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时还原为动词原形。


1.am/is/are+not


2.此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don’t;若主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn’t,同时还原行为动词。


2、现在进行时


表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作或状态。


now, at this time, these days, etc.


主语+am/ is/are +doing


把be动词放在句首。


主语+am/ is/ are +not +doing


3、一般过去时


过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态; 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。


ago, yesterday, last week(month, year…), in 2000, just now, one day, long long ago, etc.


1. was/were


2.行为动词过去式


1.把was或 were放于句首。


2.用助动词did提问,同时还原为动词原形。


1.主语+was/were+ not【更多免费素材,微信lbgzkf1】


2.在行为动词前加do在其前加didn’t,同时还原行为动词。


4、过去进行时


表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的动作或行为。


at this time yesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。


主语+was/ were+ doing


把was或were放在句首。


主语+was/ were+ not+ doing


5、现在完成时


过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的一向或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。


already, yet, just, ever, never, before, recently,in the past few years, 等,及由for或since引导的时间状语。


have/ has +done


把have或has放在句首。


have/ has +not+ done


6、一般将来时


表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。


tomorrow,tomorrow morning/afternoon, the day after tomorrow ,next Sunday/week/year/month, soon, in a few days minutes, etc


1.be going to +do2.will /shall+do


1.be放在句首。2.will/shall提到句首。


1.be going to+not+ do


2.will /shall+not+ do


7、过去完成时


表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或情况。表示“过去的过去”


by, before等构成的过去时间短语连用或用于when, before, until等引导的从句中。由said, asked, told, thought等引导的宾语从句中,


had+ done



had放于句首。


had+ not+ done


8、过去将来时


表示在过去的某个时候看来将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。


The next day(morning, year), the following month (week),etc.


1.would+do


2.was/ were going to +do


1.would 提到句首。


2.was 或were放于句首。


1.would+not+do


2.was/were +not+ going to +do




9、一般过去将来时


立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中


The next day(morning,


Year)


The following month


(week) etc


1,Was/were+going to+do


2,would/should+do+其他


1,Was/were放于句首,


2,would/should提到句首


1,Was/were+not+going to+do


2,would/should+not+do【更多免费素材,微信lbgzkf1】


10、过去将来进行时


就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,主要用于宾语从句中,多用于间接引语



Shoud/would+be+现在分词



例句:They said they would be coming


He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting


11、将来完成时


在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态


By the time of,by the end of+时间短语(将来) by the time+从句(将来)


主语+be going to/will/shall+shall+have+p,p(过去分词)+其他



例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area


12、过去将来完成时


过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作,常用在虚拟语气中,表示与过去的事实相反



Should/would have done sth



例句:I thought you'd have left by this time


He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock


13、现在完成进行时


从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作,这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍然在继续,并可能延续到将来


Since+时间点, for+时间段


Hanv/has+been+doing+其他




例句:I have been sitting here for an hour


The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.


14、过去完成进行时


某正在进行的动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻,还未完成,一直持续到之后的当前才结束


特殊含义:1,尚未完成:He had been writing the novel 他已经在写小说了(他没写完)


2,企图:He had been studying the meaning of this proverb他曾今学习过这个谚语(他曾经努力学习过他)


3,未得结果:We had been studying what our enemy had said 我们一直致力于敌人所说的(但是我们没有理解)



had+been+doing+其他


4,最近情况:He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。(最近)


5,反复动作:He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题(屡次)



例句:She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam


Had they been expecting the news for some time?




6,情绪:What had he been doing?他做了什么(不耐烦)


15、将来完成时


表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去,要视上下文而定。



Shall/will have been doing



例句:I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year



16、过去将来完成时


表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。



Should/would+have+been+现在分词



例句:He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.【更多 免费素材,微信lbgzkf1】


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